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Long barrow 350m south west of the Normanton Down round barrow cemetery

Listed on the National Heritage List for England. Search over 400,000 listed places

Overview

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1009621
Date first listed:: 10-Mar-1925

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Official list entry

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1009621
Date first listed:: 10-Mar-1925
Date of most recent amendment:: 02-Apr-1995

Location

The building or site itself may lie within the boundary of more than one authority.

District:: Wiltshire (Unitary Authority)
Parish:: Wilsford cum Lake
National Grid Reference:: SU 11410 41068

Reasons for Designation

A small number of areas in southern England appear to have acted as foci for ceremonial and ritual activity during the Neolithic and Bronze Age periods. Two of the best known and earliest recognised areas are around Avebury and Stonehenge, now jointly designated as a World Heritage Site. The area of chalk downland which surrounds Stonehenge contains one of the densest and most varied groups of Neolithic and Bronze Age field monuments in Britain. Included within the area are Stonehenge itself, the Stonehenge cursus, the Durrington Walls henge, and a variety of burial monuments, many grouped into cemeteries. The area has been the subject of archaeological research since the 18th century when Stukeley recorded many of the monuments and partially excavated a number of the burial mounds. More recently, the collection of artefacts from the surfaces of ploughed fields has supplemented the evidence for ritual and burial by revealing the intensity of contemporary settlement and land-use. In view of the importance of the area, all ceremonial and sepulchral monuments of this period which retain significant archaeological remains are identified as nationally important. Long barrows were constructed as earthen or drystone mounds often with flanking ditches and acted as funerary monuments during the Early and Middle Neolithic periods (3400-2400 BC). They represent the burial places of Britain's early farming communities and, as such, are amongst the oldest field monuments surviving visibly in the present landscape. Where investigated, long barrows appear to have been used for communal burial, often with only parts of the human remains having been selected for interment. Certain sites provide evidence for several phases of funerary monument preceding the barrow and it is probable that long barrows acted as important ritual sites for local communities over a considerable period of time. Some 500 long barrows and long cairns, their counterparts in the uplands, are recorded in England of which at least nine survive in the Stonehenge area. These represent an important group for understanding the historical context within which Stonehenge developed during the Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age periods.

The long barrow 350m south west of the Normanton Down round barrow cemetery survives well and is known from partial excavation to contain archaeological remains and environmental evidence relating to the monument and the landscape in which it was constructed.

Details

The monument includes a long barrow orientated east to west, 350m south west of the Normanton Down round barrow cemetery. It is situated on a south facing slope overlooking an east-west combe that separates Wilsford Down from Normanton Down. The barrow mound is 40m long, 18m wide at the east end and 12m wide at the west end. At the east end it is 2m high, tapering to ground level at the western end. The mound is flanked on each side by a ditch from which material was quarried during its construction. The ditch on the north side is 6m wide and 1m deep, that on the south side is 5m wide and 0.5m deep. Partial excavation of the monument in the 19th century revealed four primary inhumations on a floor at the east end, and a secondary inhumation. The north east-south west track which crosses the western end of the monument is included in the scheduling. All fence posts are excluded from the scheduling but the ground beneath these features is included.

MAP EXTRACT The site of the monument is shown on the attached map extract. It includes a 2 metre boundary around the archaeological features, considered to be essential for the monument's support and preservation.

Legacy

The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.

Legacy System number:: 10327
Legacy System:: RSM

Legal

This monument is scheduled under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 as amended as it appears to the Secretary of State to be of national importance. This entry is a copy, the original is held by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.