The Norman Castle, Kenilworth Castle, Kenilworth, Warwickshire
A reconstruction drawing of what the original Norman motte and bailey castle would have looked like. It was made up of wooden buildings and established in the 1120s by Geoffrey de Clinton who built most of the Norman great tower. In 1173-4 it became a royal castle; the stone built fortified keep and curtain wall were built at this time. In 1253 Henry III granted the castle to Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester. In 1361 the castle passed to John of Gaunt (son of Edward III), who developed it as more of a royal palace than a castle. In 1553 the castle was granted to John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland. Following his execution, it returned to the Crown. The grant was renewed to his son, Robert Dudley, the Earl of Leicester and favourite of Elizabeth I. He made extensive changes to the castle until his death in 1588. During the Civil War, the Royalists initially occupied the castle but it was later held by the Parliamentarians, who demolished the north wall of the keep and the north curtain wall to make the castle indefensible in 1650. This sie is now in the care of English Heritage (2011).
