Reasons for Designation
Bowl barrows, the most numerous form of round barrow, are funerary monuments
dating from the Late Neolithic period to the Late Bronze Age, with most
examples belonging to the period 2400-1500 BC. They were constructed as
earthen or rubble mounds, sometimes ditched, which covered single or multiple
burials. They occur either in isolation or grouped as cemeteries and often
acted as a focus for burials in later periods. Often superficially similar,
although differing widely in size, they exhibit regional variations in form
and a diversity of burial practices. There are over 10,000 surviving bowl
barrows recorded nationally (many more have already been destroyed), occurring
across most of lowland Britain. Often occupying prominent locations, they are
a major historic element in the modern landscape and their considerable
variation of form and longevity as a monument type provide important
information on the diversity of beliefs and social organisations amongst early
prehistoric communities. They are particularly representative of their period
and a substantial proportion of surviving examples are considered worthy of
protection.
Details
The monument is one of a dispersed alignment of five bowl barrows situated on
Calton Pastures in the eastern gritstone moorlands of Derbyshire. It includes
a sub-circular mound measuring 17m by 15m and standing c.1m high. Surrounding
the barrow, but not included in the scheduling, are earthworks left by ridge
and furrow ploughing. This and subsequent ploughing has slightly altered the
shape of the barrow, which would originally have been more uniformly circular.
A partial excavation carried out by Thomas Bateman in 1850 revealed a pit in
the old land surface beneath the centre of the barrow in which was found
pieces of burnt lead ore. Bateman interpreted this as evidence for a cremation
burial since the other excavated barrows on Calton Pastures had all contained
cremations. In addition, two flint scrapers were found after the barrow was
ploughed in 1968. Together, the remains indicate a Late Neolithic or Early
Bronze Age date for the barrow.
Legacy
The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.
Legacy System number:
23251
Legacy System:
RSM
Sources
Books and journals
Legal
This monument is scheduled under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 as amended as it appears to the Secretary of State to be of national importance. This entry is a copy, the original is held by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.
End of official list entry
