Reasons for Designation
Roman camps are rectangular or sub-rectangular enclosures which were
constructed and used by Roman soldiers either when out on campaign or as
practice camps; most campaign camps were only temporary overnight bases and
few were used for longer periods. They were bounded by a single earthen
rampart and outer ditch and in plan are always straight-sided with rounded
corners. Normally they have between one and four entrances, although as many
as eleven have been recorded. Such entrances were usually centrally placed in
the sides of the camp and were often protected by additional defensive
outworks. Roman camps are found throughout much of England, although most
known examples lie in the midlands and north. Around 140 examples have been
identified and, as one of the various types of defensive enclosure built by
the Roman Army, particularly in hostile upland and frontier areas, they
provide an important insight into Roman military strategy and organisation.
All well-preserved examples are identified as being of national importance.
Details
The monument includes the remains of a Roman camp situated on a gently sloping
plateau immediately to the west of Dere Street, the Roman road from Corbridge
to Newstead in Scotland. The camp, a regular rectangle with rounded corners,
is orientated north east to south west and has maximum dimensions of 300m by
194m within an earthen bank and an external ditch. The rampart is on average
3m wide and ranges from 0.1m to 0.6m high on the northern side where it is
best preserved. The ditch, 2m-3m wide is a maximum of 0.4m deep but in many
places it has become silted and is traceable only as a slight groove. There
are four opposing gateways into the camp, one in each side. They are each
protected by an internal clavicle, an extension of the rampart on one side of
the gateway which swings inside the entrance in order to protect defenders and
and expose attackers. The claviculae are 0.2m to 0.5m high. The camp dates
from the Roman occupation of Britain in the first century AD and is large
enough to have been used periodically on a temporary basis by soldiers
advancing northwards and also by smaller groups in routine maintenance.
Legacy
The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.
Legacy System number:
25091
Legacy System:
RSM
Sources
Books and journals Other
Legal
This monument is scheduled under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 as amended as it appears to the Secretary of State to be of national importance. This entry is a copy, the original is held by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.
End of official list entry
