Reasons for Designation
Palaeolithic caves and rock shelters provide some of the earliest evidence of
human activity in the period from about 400,000 to 10,000 years ago. The
sites, all natural topographic features, occur mainly in hard limestone in the
north and west of the country, although examples also exist in the softer
rocks of south-east England. Evidence for human occupation is often located
near the cave entrances, close to the rock walls or on the exterior platforms.
The interiors sometimes served as special areas for disposal and storage or
were places where material naturally accumulated from the outside. Because of
the special conditions of deposition and preservation, organic and other
fragile materials often survive well and in stratigraphic association. Caves
and rock shelters are therefore of major importance for understanding this
period. Due to their comparative rarity, their considerable age and their
longevity as a monument type, all examples with good survival of deposits are
considered to be nationally important.
Details
Cow Cave lies on the north side of the Kate Brook Valley, about 60m west of
Pixie's Hole and at a similar level. It consists of an arched entrance, c.5m
wide and 4.5m high, and a passage which leads north for about 13m before
turning eastwards and westwards in a `T'-configuration. There is a weak active
spring at the back of the cave which keeps the floor waterlogged. The eastern
arm of the `T' is choked with sediment and, as it lies only 12m from the
westernmost extension of Pixie's Hole, the two are believed to connect.
Outside the entrance of Cow Cave is a wide platform which contains spoil
resulting from excavations in the inter-war period. These produced possible
Middle Palaeolithic finds as well as artefacts and faunal material of Upper
Palaeolithic age. Deposits on the cave wall and in the choked passage are
believed to contain further archaeological evidence of these periods. The
monument includes the main `T'-shaped passage and its deposits and also
deposits within a radius of 5m in front of the cave mouth.
Legacy
The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.
Legacy System number:
10720
Legacy System:
RSM
Sources
Books and journals Other
Legal
This monument is scheduled under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 as amended as it appears to the Secretary of State to be of national importance. This entry is a copy, the original is held by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.
End of official list entry
