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Gritstone pillar with three cup marks in the north pavement of the A65 at Horsforth, 440m south east of the roundabout at Low Fold

Listed on the National Heritage List for England. Search over 400,000 listed places

Overview

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1014973
Date first listed:: 17-Sep-1996

User submitted image — Uploaded by Dan Willoughby This photo may not represent the current condition of the site
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Official list entry

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1014973
Date first listed:: 17-Sep-1996

Location

The building or site itself may lie within the boundary of more than one authority.

District:: Leeds (Metropolitan Authority)
Parish:: Horsforth
National Grid Reference:: SE 23411 37420

Reasons for Designation

Prehistoric rock art is found on natural rock outcrops in many areas of upland Britain. It is especially common in the north of England in Northumberland, Durham and North and West Yorkshire. The most common form of decoration is the `cup and ring' marking where expanses of small cup-like hollows are pecked into the surface of the rock. These cups may be surrounded by one or more `rings'. Single pecked lines extending from the cup through the `rings' may also exist, providing the design with a `tail'. Pecked lines or grooves can also exist in isolation from cup and ring decoration. Other shapes and patterns also occur, but are less frequent. Carvings may occur singly, in small groups, or may cover extensive areas of rock surface. They date to the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age periods (2800-c.500 BC) and provide one of our most important insights into prehistoric `art'. The exact meaning of the designs remains unknown, but they may be interpreted as sacred or religious symbols. Frequently they are found close to contemporary burial monuments and the symbols are also found on portable stones placed directly next to burials or incorporated in burial mounds. Around 800 examples of prehistoric rock-art have been recorded in England. This is unlikely to be a realistic reflection of the number carved in prehistory. Many will have been overgrown or destroyed in activities such as quarrying. All positively identified prehistoric rock art sites exhibiting a significant group of designs will normally be identified as nationally important.

Despite the dressing of the sides of this stone and uncertainty about its original location, the carvings on this rock survive well and will contribute to study of such carved rocks in this region.

Details

The monument includes a carved gritstone rock, in the form of a triangular- sectioned pillar, measuring 0.6m x 0.34m x 0.77m. It is situated in the north pavement of the A65 at Horsforth, c.445m towards Leeds from the ring road roundabout. It is outside house number 142 on this road. An accurate National Grid Reference is SE 23410 37419. The rock is not thought to be in an original location and the history of its current location is unknown. The carving consists of three cups on the top of the pillar. The sides of the pillar are dressed, and there is also a benchmark. The exact date at which the sides of the pillar were dressed is unknown, although this is likely to have occurred during the last 200 years. The pavement surfacing and the kerbstones are excluded from the scheduling, although the ground beneath them is included.

MAP EXTRACT The site of the monument is shown on the attached map extract.

Legacy

The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.

Legacy System number:: 29103
Legacy System:: RSM

Legal

This monument is scheduled under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 as amended as it appears to the Secretary of State to be of national importance. This entry is a copy, the original is held by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.