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Cairn at Winyards Nick 470m south east of Mitchell Field

Listed on the National Heritage List for England. Search over 400,000 listed places

Overview

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1017590
Date first listed:: 23-Dec-1997

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Official list entry

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1017590
Date first listed:: 23-Dec-1997

Location

The building or site itself may lie within the boundary of more than one authority.

District:: Sheffield (Metropolitan Authority)
Parish:: Non Civil Parish
National Park:: PEAK DISTRICT
National Grid Reference:: SK 25175 81467

Reasons for Designation

The East Moors in Derbyshire includes all the gritstone moors east of the River Derwent. It covers an area of 105 sq km, of which around 63% is open moorland and 37% is enclosed. As a result of recent and on-going archaeological survey, the East Moors area is becoming one of the best recorded upland areas in England. On the enclosed land the archaeological remains are fragmentary, but survive sufficiently well to show that early human activity extended beyond the confines of the open moors. On the open moors there is significant and well-articulated evidence over extensive areas for human exploitation of the gritstone uplands from the Neolithic to the post-medieval periods. Bronze Age activity accounts for the most intensive use of the moorlands. Evidence for it includes some of the largest and best preserved field systems and cairnfields in northern England as well settlement sites, numerous burial monuments, stone circles and other ceremonial remains which, together, provide a detailed insight into life in the Bronze Age. Also of importance is the well preserved and often visible relationship between the remains of earlier and later periods since this provides an insight into successive changes in land use through time. A large number of the prehistoric sites on the moors, because of their rarity in a national context, excellent state of preservation and inter-connections, will be identified as nationally important.

Round cairns are prehistoric funerary monuments dating to the Bronze Age (c.2000-700 BC), constructed as stone mounds covering single or multiple burials. Often occupying prominent locations, cairns are a major visual element in the modern landscape. They are a relatively common feature in the uplands of Britain and are the stone equivalents of the earthen round barrows of the lowlands. Their considerable variation in form and longevity as a monument type provide important information on the diversity of beliefs and social organisation amongst prehistoric communities. They are particularly representative of their period and a substantial proportion of surviving examples are considered worthy of protection. The monument is a good example of a relatively undisturbed cairn forming part of the well-preserved Bronze Age remains on the East Moors of the Peak District. It will retain evidence of the burials originally placed within it and provides information on land use in the area at the time of its construction and use. Its commanding position, with extensive views to the north and west, indicate that the monument held special importance for the prehistoric inhabitants of the area. Notably the cairn overlooks at least one Bronze Age settlement and field system to the north west.

Details

The monument includes a stone cairn situated on the top of an east-west ridge with commanding views. The cairn stands at the highest point in the local landscape on a north-facing edge overlooking the Hope Valley to the west and the gritstone moors to the north and north west. It also overlooks the Bronze Age field systems and cairnfields to the north at Callow and Carr Head Moor. To the south of the monument lies sloping ground in the open moorland of the eastern gritstone moors of the Peak District. The area surrounding the monument itself appears to have been subject to some land improvement possibly dating from the same period as a small post-medieval enclosure to the east. The cairn measures approximately 8m by 7m and is roughly oval in plan. It stands about 0.8m high and is turf covered but one or two stones can be seen protruding from the turf. The cairn appears relatively undisturbed and in good condition, although a slight depression at its centre suggests that there may have been some minor excavation in the past. The location of the cairn, commanding impressive views, and its relative isolation indicates that the cairn was likely to have served a funerary purpose and was probably important to the Bronze Age farmers as an ancestral monument.

MAP EXTRACT The site of the monument is shown on the attached map extract. It includes a 2 metre boundary around the archaeological features, considered to be essential for the monument's support and preservation.

Legacy

The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.

Legacy System number:: 29803
Legacy System:: RSM

Sources

Books and journals
Barnatt, J, The Peak District Barrow Survey (1989), (1989)
Barnatt, J W, 'Derbyshire Archaeological Journal' in Bronze Age Remains on the East Moors of the Peak District, , Vol. 106, (1986)

Legal

This monument is scheduled under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 as amended as it appears to the Secretary of State to be of national importance. This entry is a copy, the original is held by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.