Pillow mounds on Ashdown Forest

Listed on the National Heritage List for England. Search over 400,000 listed places

Overview

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1002234
Date first listed:: 01-Aug-1975

The Missing Pieces Project

Share your view of unique places. Almost 350,000 photos and stories have been added so far.

Add your contribution

Location

Location of this list entry and nearby places that are also listed. Use our map search to find more listed places.

There is a problem

Use of this mapping is subject to terms and conditions.

This map is for quick reference purposes only and may not be to scale.

What is the National Heritage List for England?

The National Heritage List for England is a unique register of our country's most significant historic buildings and sites. The places on the list are protected by law and most are not open to the public.

The list includes:

🏠 Buildings
🏰 Scheduled monuments
🌳 Parks and gardens
⚔️ Battlefields
⚓ Shipwrecks

Find out more about listing

Historic England Archive

Search over 1 million photographs and drawings from the 1850s to the present day using our images archive.

Find Photos

Official list entry

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1002234
Date first listed:: 01-Aug-1975

Location

The building or site itself may lie within the boundary of more than one authority.

County:: East Sussex
District:: Wealden (District Authority)
Parish:: Hartfield
National Grid Reference:: TQ 45237 31223, TQ 45255 31053, TQ 45257 31109, TQ 45276 30951, TQ 45369 30922, TQ 45380 31005, TQ 45511 30814

Summary

Pillow mounds on Ashdown Forest, 900m WSW of Foresters Cottage.

Reasons for Designation

Rabbits were valuable animals in the medieval and post-medieval periods, which were used for their meat and fur. The mounds served as burrowing ground for the rabbits, which were caught by covering the mound with a net and introducing a polecat or ferret. Pillow mounds can be found singly or in groups and usually range from 6m to 150m long, although larger and smaller examples have been known. They are rarely more than 10m wide and most have transverse dimensions of between 4m and 6m. They are most common on sloping ground, situated at right angles to the contours.

Despite damage through tree planting in the past, the pillow mounds or artificial rabbit warrens, 900m WSW of Foresters Cottage survive well as prominent earthworks and provide significant evidence of post-medieval rabbit farming on Ashdown Forest. They will contain archaeological and environmental information relating to their original construction, function and the landscape in which they were constructed. Both the size and uniform nature of the mounds indicate that they are remnants of what may have been an extensive 17th century industry.

History

See Details.

Details

This record was the subject of a minor enhancement on 24 February 2015. This record has been generated from an "old county number" (OCN) scheduling record. These are monuments that were not reviewed under the Monuments Protection Programme and are some of our oldest designation records.

The monument includes a group of seven pillow mounds or artificial rabbit warrens surviving as earthworks and below-ground archaeological remains. It is situated on a west-facing slope overlooking a stream valley in Ashdown Forest. The slope once formed part of Pippingford Park estate but has latterly been used as an army training area.

The mounds are linear earthworks about 1m to 1.5m high and orientated either east to west or broadly south-east to north-west. They are between about 234m and 66m long and 10m wide. The largest mound is situated at the northern end of the site. They each have clear and pronounced ditches about 1m deep on each side, although some extend right around the ends of the mounds.

The pillow mounds or artificial rabbit warrens are thought to date to the mid 17th century. The area is referred to as ‘Warren Lodge’ in a Parliamentary survey of 1646. It was later used as a softwood plantation, the drainage ditches cutting through some of the banks, but this was felled during the First World War.

Legacy

The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.

Legacy System number:: ES 409
Legacy System:: RSM - OCN

Sources

Books and journals
Williamson, T, The Archaeology of Rabbit Warrens, (2006), 15-17, 28
Other
NMR TQ43SE12. PastScape 407078.

Legal

This monument is scheduled under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 as amended as it appears to the Secretary of State to be of national importance. This entry is a copy, the original is held by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.