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An enclosure containing one stone hut circle 460m west of Cross Gate

Listed on the National Heritage List for England. Search over 400,000 listed places

Overview

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1009091
Date first listed:: 05-Oct-2000

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Official list entry

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1009091
Date first listed:: 05-Oct-2000

Location

The building or site itself may lie within the boundary of more than one authority.

County:: Devon
District:: West Devon (District Authority)
Parish:: Walkhampton
National Park:: DARTMOOR
National Grid Reference:: SX 55687 69491

Reasons for Designation

Dartmoor is the largest expanse of open moorland in southern Britain and, because of exceptional conditions of preservation, it is also one of the most complete examples of an upland relict landscape in the whole country. The great wealth and diversity of archaeological remains provide direct evidence for human exploitation of the Moor from the early prehistoric period onwards. The well-preserved and often visible relationship between settlement sites, major land boundaries, trackways, ceremonial and funerary monuments as well as later industrial remains, gives significant insights into successive changes in the pattern of land use through time. Stone hut circles and hut settlements were the dwelling places of prehistoric farmers on Dartmoor. They mostly date from the Bronze Age, with the earliest examples on the Moor in this building tradition dating to about 1700 BC. The stone-based round houses consist of low walls or banks enclosing a circular floor area; remains of the turf or thatch roof are not preserved. The huts may occur singly or in small or large groups and may lie in the open or be enclosed by a bank of earth and stone. Although they are common on the Moor, their longevity and their relationship with other monument types provide important information on the diversity of social organisation and farming practices amongst prehistoric communities. They are particularly representative of their period and a substantial proportion of surviving examples are considered worthy of protection.

The enclosure containing one stone hut circle 460m west of Cross Gate survives comparatively well and despite reuse of the area during the post-medieval period, contains archaeological remains and environmental evidence relating to the monument, the economy of its inhabitants and the landscape in which they lived. As such, it provides a valuable insight into the nature of Bronze Age occupation on the west side of the Moor.

Details

This monument includes an enclosure containing a stone hut circle situated on a gentle south-facing slope overlooking Burrator Reservoir. The enclosure survives as a 47m long and 35m wide irregular shaped area defined by a rubble lynchet measuring 1m wide and 0.3m high on the east and 3m wide by 1.3m high on the west. The north western boundary is defined by a 1.5m wide and 0.3m high rubble bank which lies below a 1.5m high post-medieval drystone wall. Two slight lynchets measuring 1m wide and up to 0.4m high divide the interior of the enclosure into three distinct areas. The stone hut circle is composed of a stone and earth bank surrounding a circular internal area. The interior of the hut measures 5m in diameter and the surrounding wall is 1.5m wide and stands up to 0.4m high. The doorway survives as a gap in the surrounding wall and faces south west. The post-medieval drystone wall lying on top of the north western boundary of the enclosure is excluded from the scheduling, although the rubble bank below is included.

MAP EXTRACT The site of the monument is shown on the attached map extract. It includes a 2 metre boundary around the archaeological features, considered to be essential for the monument's support and preservation.

Legacy

The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.

Legacy System number:: 24110
Legacy System:: RSM

Sources

Other
Devon County Sites and Monuments Register, SX56NE326, (1986)
Gibson, A, Single Monument Class Description - Stone Hut Circles, (1988)
MPP fieldwork by S. Gerrard,
National Archaeological Record, SX56NE181, (1980)

Legal

This monument is scheduled under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 as amended as it appears to the Secretary of State to be of national importance. This entry is a copy, the original is held by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.