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Two enclosures and a group of sixteen round barrows on Bulford Down

Listed on the National Heritage List for England. Search over 400,000 listed places

Overview

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1009609
Date first listed:: 27-Jan-1965

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Official list entry

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1009609
Date first listed:: 27-Jan-1965
Date of most recent amendment:: 19-Mar-1990

Location

The building or site itself may lie within the boundary of more than one authority.

District:: Wiltshire (Unitary Authority)
Parish:: Bulford
National Grid Reference:: SU 19604 44613

Reasons for Designation

The most complete and extensive survival of chalk downland archaeological remains in central southern England occurs on Salisbury Plain, particularly in those areas lying within the Salisbury Plain Training Area. These remains represent one of the few extant archaeological "landscapes" in Britain and are considered to be of special significance because they differ in character from those in other areas with comparable levels of preservation. Individual sites on Salisbury Plain are seen as being additionally important because the evidence of their direct association with each other survives so well.

Some 470 round barrows, funerary monuments dating to the late Neolithic and early Bronze Age, are known to have existed in the Salisbury Plain Training Area, many grouped together as cemeteries. The total includes some 70 barrows of rare types. Such is the quality of the survival of the archaeological landscape, over 300 of these barrows have been identified as nationally important.

Enclosures provide important evidence of land use and agricultural practices in the prehistoric/Romano-British period. The enclosures in the Salisbury Plain Training Area belong to one of the most important and best preserved fossil landscapes in southern Britain. The presence of these remains and their relationship with extensive field systems and settlement complexes, are of critical importance to understanding the character and development of Downland agriculture.

Details

A group of sixteen round barrows forming two false crested lines along a summit north of Bulford Camp. The group contains examples of several types of barrow. Within the western half of the barrow group are traces of two sub- circular enclosures. 1 - A bowl barrow marked as a bell barrow but with no obvious berm. The mound is 28m diameter and the ditch 4m wide. The overall diameter is c.36m. (SU19884463) 2 - A saucer barrow c.28m overall diameter. Probable partial excavation in the 19th century revealed two late Bronze Age urns. The bank appears to be connected with another barrow in the west. (SU19794461) 3 - A ditched bowl barrow with a mound 14m diameter and a ditch 2.5m wide. The overall diameter is 19m. The ditch appears to be connected with another barrow in the north-east. (SU19774460) 4 - A saucer barrow c.30m overall diameter. The bank appears to be connected with another barrow. (SU19734458) 5 - A disc barrow c.45m overall diameter. The mound is very low but the barrow is in good condition. The outer bank appears to be connected with another barrow. (SU19684458) 6 - A disc barrow c.55m overall diameter. The tump is placed to the east of the centre and the bank and ditch more pronounced on the north-east side. (SU19624460) 7 - A bowl barrow 25m diameter with a ditch 3m wide, visible all the way round and a possible outer bank visible in one place. The overall diameter is 31m. (SU19734463) 8 - A bowl barrow with traces of a ditch, overall diameter c.24m. (SU19734467) 9 - A bell barrow c.44m overall diameter. The mound is to the north of the centre and the berm is almost non-existent. Partial excavation in the 20th century revealed two urns between flint layers and an upper layer with a skeleton and flints. (SU19794468) 10 - A bowl barrow c.16m overall diameter, now very badly damaged by the military. Partial excavation in the 20th century revealed a secondary cremation in a bucket urn. (SU19834467) 11 - A bowl barrow with a mound c.40m diameter and a ditch 3m wide. The overall diameter is 46m. Partial excavation in the 19th century revealed a Bronze Age urn, a structured pyre and four secondary cremations. (SU19554464) 12 - A ditched bowl barrow c.26m overall diameter. The ditch is traceable by changes of colour in the vegetation. (SU19554473) 13 - A bowl barrow with traces of a ditch in places, overall diameter c.36m. A rifle-butt is built over the ditch in the west. Partial excavation in the 19th century revealed the barrow had already been opened. (SU19444467) 14 - A bowl barrow with traces of a ditch, overall diameter c.36m. (SU19504475) 15 - A bowl barrow c.24m overall diameter, partially destroyed on the east by a rifle-butt. (SU19344477) 16 - A bowl barrow with a mound 38m diameter and a ditch 3.5m wide. The overall diameter is c.46m. (SU19404486) 17 - A circular enclosure at the western end of the barrow group. It is not visible on the ground due to long grass and weed. (SU19374483) 18 - The north-west quadrant of a sub-circular enclosure within the barrow group. It may be related to a similar feature to the north-west. (SU19484480)

MAP EXTRACT The site of the monument is shown on the attached map extract.

Legacy

The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.

Legacy System number:: 10265
Legacy System:: RSM

Sources

Other
Trust for Wessex Archaeology, (1987)
Wiltshire Library & Museum Service, (1987)

Legal

This monument is scheduled under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 as amended as it appears to the Secretary of State to be of national importance. This entry is a copy, the original is held by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.