Reasons for Designation
Palaeolithic caves and rock shelters provide some of the earliest evidence of
human activity in the period from about 400,000 to 10,000 years ago. The
sites, all natural topographic features, occur mainly in hard limestone in the
north and west of the country, although examples also exist in the softer
rocks of south-east England. Evidence for human occupation is often located
near the cave entrances, close to the rock walls or on the exterior platforms.
The interiors sometimes served as special areas for disposal and storage or
were places where material naturally accumulated from the outside. Because of
the special conditions of deposition and preservation, organic and other
fragile materials often survive well and in stratigraphic association. Caves
and rock shelters are therefore of major importance for understanding this
period. Due to their comparative rarity, their considerable age and their
longevity as a monument type, all examples with good survival of deposits are
considered to be nationally important.
Details
Brownes' Hole lies in Cook's Wood, c.50m west of Bector Lane and 5m above the
immediate valley floor. There are two entrances to this cave, several metres
apart, with passages leading back that interconnect and extend into a number
of small galleries, known collectively as the `Entrance Series'. A low-level
partly flooded passage is the start of the `Upstream Series', a system of
tubes leading east and considered unlikely to contain archaeological deposits.
Excavations of the `Entrance Series' by Messrs. Browne of Frome in 1946-7
were extensive and amongst the reported finds were a human skeleton and faunal
remains, including hyaena. Archaeological deposits survive in situ outside
both entrances. They occur beneath archaeological tip at the western entrance
and on either side of the access trench which cuts through the talus of the
south-western entrance. The monument, therefore, includes the cave and the
remaining deposits of the `Entrance Series' as well as an arc of 15m around
both entrances. A modern water tank outside the western entrance is excluded
from the scheduling.
Legacy
The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.
Legacy System number:
13263
Legacy System:
RSM
Sources
Books and journals Other
Legal
This monument is scheduled under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 as amended as it appears to the Secretary of State to be of national importance. This entry is a copy, the original is held by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.
End of official list entry
