Reasons for Designation
In Cumbria and Northumberland several distinctive types of native settlements
dating to the Roman period have been identified. The majority were small, non-
defensive, enclosed homesteads or farms. In many areas they were of stone
construction, although in the coastal lowlands timber-built variants were also
common. In much of Northumberland, especially in the Cheviots, the enclosures
were curvilinear in form. Further south a rectangular form was more common.
Elsewhere, especially near the Scottish border, another type occurs where the
settlement enclosure was `scooped' into the hillslope. Frequently the
enclosures reveal a regularity and similarity of internal layout. The standard
layout included one or more stone round-houses situated towards the rear of
the enclosure, facing the single entranceway. In front of the houses were
pathways and small enclosed yards. Homesteads normally had only one or two
houses, but larger enclosures could contain as many as six. At some sites the
settlement appears to have grown, often with houses spilling out of the main
enclosure and clustered around it. At these sites up to 30 houses may be
found. In the Cumbrian uplands the settlements were of less regimented form
and unenclosed clusters of houses of broadly contemporary date are also known.
These homesteads were being constructed and used by non-Roman natives
throughout the period of the Roman occupation. Their origins lie in settlement
forms developed before the arrival of the Romans. These homesteads are common
throughout the uplands where they frequently survive as well-preserved
earthworks. In lowland coastal areas they were also originally common,
although there they can frequently only be located through aerial photography.
All homestead sites which survive substantially intact will normally be
identified as nationally important.
Details
The monument includes a Romano-British farmstead and associated enclosure
located on gently sloping land to the west of Scales Haggs. The farmstead
includes a sub-rectangular enclosure with traces of two hut circles; it has
maximum internal measurements of approximately 30m north-south by 24m east-
west, the latter measurement tapering to c.16m wide at the northern end of the
enclosure. The farmstead is defended by a turf-covered wall or bank of
limestone rubble up to 4m wide and 0.3m high. There is an entrance at the mid-
point of the farmstead's southern side and internally there are two levelled
circular areas interpreted as the site of hut circles; that at the north east
corner of the enclosure measures c.8m in diameter, that at the south west
corner measures c.6m in diameter. Immediately to the east of the farmstead is
a sub-rectangular enclosure interpreted as a stock pen. It has maximum
dimensions of approximately 30m by 28m and is defended by a turf-covered wall
or bank of limestone rubble up to 4m wide and 0.2m high.
Legacy
The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.
Legacy System number:
27687
Legacy System:
RSM
Sources
Other
Legal
This monument is scheduled under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 as amended as it appears to the Secretary of State to be of national importance. This entry is a copy, the original is held by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.
End of official list entry
