Cup and groove marked rock near grouse butts on Foldshaw Ridge 905m ESE of Wards End, Middleton Moor

Overview

Heritage Category: Scheduled Monument

List Entry Number: 1014158

Date first listed: 30-Apr-1996

Location

The building or site itself may lie within the boundary of more than one authority.

National Grid Reference: SE 11358 51581

Summary

Legacy Record - This information may be included in the List Entry Details.

Reasons for Designation

Prehistoric rock art is found on natural rock outcrops in many areas of upland Britain. It is especially common in the north of England in Northumberland, Durham and North and West Yorkshire. The most common form of decoration is the `cup and ring' marking where expanses of small cup-like hollows are pecked into the surface of the rock. These cups may be surrounded by one or more `rings'. Single pecked lines extending from the cup through the `rings' may also exist, providing the design with a `tail'. Other shapes and patterns also occur, but are less frequent. Carvings may occur singly, in small groups, or may cover extensive areas of rock surface. They date to the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age periods (2800-c.500 BC) and provide one of our most important insights into prehistoric `art'. The exact meaning of the designs remains unknown, but they may be interpreted as sacred or religious symbols. Frequently they are found close to contemporary burial monuments and the symbols are also found on portable stones placed directly next to burials or incorporated in burial mounds. Around 800 examples of prehistoric rock-art have been recorded in England. This is unlikely to be a realistic reflection of the number carved in prehistory. Many will have been overgrown or destroyed in activities such as quarrying. All positively identified prehistoric rock art sites exhibiting a significant group of designs will normally be identified as nationally important.

The carving on this rock survives well and forms part of the prehistoric landscape of Middleton Moor.

History

Legacy Record - This information may be included in the List Entry Details.

Details

The monument includes a carved gritstone rock, mostly covered in vegetation and level with the ground. An accurate NGR for the monument is SE1135651581. It is situated on Middleton Moor, near the line of grouse butts on the south flank of Foldshaw Ridge, between butts numbered five and six and slightly west of the line of butts. The visible part of the rock measures 0.7m by 0.3m. The carving consists of c.17 cups, some of them in grooves.

MAP EXTRACT The site of the monument is shown on the attached map extract. It includes a 2 metre boundary around the archaeological features, considered to be essential for the monument's support and preservation.

Legacy

The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.

Legacy System number: 28024

Legacy System: RSM

Legal

This monument is scheduled under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 as amended as it appears to the Secretary of State to be of national importance. This entry is a copy, the original is held by the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport.