THE ECHO, APPROXIMATELY 300 METRES SOUTH EAST OF KINGS WESTON HOUSE

The Echo, approximately 300 metres south east of Kings Weston House, Kings Weston Lane, Bristol, BS11 0UN

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Overview

An early C18 garden structure by Sir John Vanbrugh. Read the official list entry to find out more.

Heritage Category:: Listed Building
Grade:: I
List Entry Number:: 1202339
Date first listed:: 08-Jan-1959
List Entry Name:: THE ECHO, APPROXIMATELY 300 METRES SOUTH EAST OF KINGS WESTON HOUSE
Statutory Address:: The Echo, approximately 300 metres south east of Kings Weston House, Kings Weston Lane, Bristol, BS11 0UN

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Date:: 2002-07-20
Reference:: IOE01/08209/08
Rights:: © Mrs Sheila Adams. Source: Historic England Archive

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Official list entry

Heritage Category:: Listed Building
Grade:: I
List Entry Number:: 1202339
Date first listed:: 08-Jan-1959
Date of most recent amendment:: 26-Jan-2016
List Entry Name:: THE ECHO, APPROXIMATELY 300 METRES SOUTH EAST OF KINGS WESTON HOUSE
Statutory Address 1:: The Echo, approximately 300 metres south east of Kings Weston House, Kings Weston Lane, Bristol, BS11 0UN

This List entry helps identify the building designated at this address for its special architectural or historic interest.

Unless the List entry states otherwise, it includes both the structure itself and any object or structure fixed to it (whether inside or outside) as well as any object or structure within the curtilage of the building.

For these purposes, to be included within the curtilage of the building, the object or structure must have formed part of the land since before 1st July 1948.

Understanding list entries

Corrections and minor amendments

This List entry helps identify the building designated at this address for its special architectural or historic interest.

For these purposes, to be included within the curtilage of the building, the object or structure must have formed part of the land since before 1st July 1948.

Understanding list entries

Corrections and minor amendments

Location

Statutory Address:: The Echo, approximately 300 metres south east of Kings Weston House, Kings Weston Lane, Bristol, BS11 0UN

The building or site itself may lie within the boundary of more than one authority.

District:: City of Bristol (Unitary Authority)
Parish:: Non Civil Parish
National Grid Reference:: ST5442977269

Summary

An early C18 garden structure by Sir John Vanbrugh.

Reasons for Designation

The Echo, Kings Weston Estate, Bristol, which dates from c 1722, by Sir John Vanbrugh, is listed at Grade I for the following principal reasons: * Architectural Interest: an assured Classical design by the pre-eminent English architect of the early C18; * Historic Association: as part of the seat of the Southwell family, who played important roles in the political and diplomatic life of this country in the C17 and C18; * Group Value: as part of the Kings Weston Estate on the outskirts of Bristol, a park and garden of national significance that includes a number of Grade I listed buildings in an important historic group.

History

The Southwell family purchased the Kings Weston Estate in 1679 and Edward Southwell (1671-1730), Queen Anne’s Secretary of State for Ireland, commissioned Sir John Vanbrugh (1664-1726) to design Kings Weston House (listed Grade I) for him in c 1712. The house was completed in about 1719, and the redesign of the parkland followed. Vanbrugh designed a number of the garden structures in the grounds including The Echo (listed Grade I), an ornamental summerhouse or loggia that terminates the garden’s south-east axis.

An estate survey carried out by W Halett in 1720 shows no indication of The Echo structure, but it was probably built shortly afterwards. The Kings Weston Book of Drawings held in Bristol Record Office includes a proposal dated 1722 by Vanbrugh for a gateway at Kings Weston House to have been sited near the Loggia (Grade I) that is stylistically similar to The Echo, indicating that the structure is Vanbrugh’s work of this approximate date.

The name "Echo" derives from a recorded natural acoustic feature at this location. The garden structure may well have been an attempt to enhance a naturally occurring echo, a subject of interest to Southwell’s father Sir Robert and his friend the diarist and plantsman John Evelyn. The latter recommended the inclusion of such echoes as garden features in his unpublished Elysium Britannicum.

The Echo is shown on an estate plan of 1772 by Isaac Taylor, and by this time its central statue plinth was in place. A statue of "Small Herculaneum Woman" once stood on the plinth, but was damaged during the Second World War when the estate was in use as an army camp. The statue was removed in the 1960s and The Echo lost its roof, sections of side walls and ornamental urns during this period. In the 1990s the walls were repaired and the facade was restored to its original appearance, although the replacement urns were rotated 45 degrees from their original orientation. In recent years stone steps and slabs have been damaged and coping stones in the alcoves removed.

Details

A garden summerhouse or loggia of c 1722 by Sir John Vanbrugh for Edward Southwell.

MATERIALS: ashlar and rubble limestone, quarried locally in Penpole Woods. The mid-C18 plinth is of Portland stone.

DESCRIPTION: rectangular on plan with three steps which lead through three raised semi-circular ashlar arches with heavy banded rustication, and vermiculated alternate courses. Tall vermiculated keystones rise up to the cornice. There is a parapet with three blind balustrades above, separated by dies with vermiculated panels, and six urns (late C20 copies) with twisted finials on bases with moulded faces. The flank and rear walls are rubble stone, of pale grey colour below arch height and of a pink hue above.

Internally, a central stone plinth is decorated with a chain of foliate swags in the style of a Roman altar. In the rear wall are three evenly-spaced niches that line up with the three arches at the front. On the interior of the façade above the arcade piers, and at the corresponding points on the rear wall, are putlog holes for former roof beams. The two flanking walls were partly reconstructed in the late C20.

Legacy

The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.

Legacy System number:: 379897
Legacy System:: LBS

Sources

Books and journals
Gomme, A H, Jenner, M, Little, B D G, Bristol, An Architectural History, (1979), 112
Pevsner, N, Foyle, A, The Buildings of England: Somerset: North and Bristol, (2011), 405-8
Websites
The Kings Weston Action Group, accessed 15/11/15 from http://www.kwag.org.uk/history/

Legal

This building is listed under the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 as amended for its special architectural or historic interest.