Arch At Bromley-By-Bow Health Centre

Bromley-By-Bow Health Centre, St Leonard's Street

Listed on the National Heritage List for England. Search over 400,000 listed places

Overview

Heritage Category:: Listed Building
Grade:: II
List Entry Number:: 1357875
Date first listed:: 19-Jul-1950
List Entry Name:: Arch At Bromley-By-Bow Health Centre
Statutory Address:: Bromley-By-Bow Health Centre, St Leonard's Street

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Date:: 2004-02-21
Reference:: IOE01/09416/29
Rights:: © Miss Patricia Philpott. Source: Historic England Archive

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Official list entry

Heritage Category:: Listed Building
Grade:: II
List Entry Number:: 1357875
Date first listed:: 19-Jul-1950
Date of most recent amendment:: 21-Apr-2020
List Entry Name:: Arch At Bromley-By-Bow Health Centre
Location Description:
Statutory Address 1:: Bromley-By-Bow Health Centre, St Leonard's Street

This List entry helps identify the building designated at this address for its special architectural or historic interest.

Unless the List entry states otherwise, it includes both the structure itself and any object or structure fixed to it (whether inside or outside) as well as any object or structure within the curtilage of the building.

For these purposes, to be included within the curtilage of the building, the object or structure must have formed part of the land since before 1st July 1948.

Understanding list entries

Corrections and minor amendments

This List entry helps identify the building designated at this address for its special architectural or historic interest.

For these purposes, to be included within the curtilage of the building, the object or structure must have formed part of the land since before 1st July 1948.

Understanding list entries

Corrections and minor amendments

Location

Statutory Address:: Bromley-By-Bow Health Centre, St Leonard's Street

The building or site itself may lie within the boundary of more than one authority.

County:: Greater London Authority
District:: Tower Hamlets (London Borough)
Parish:: Non Civil Parish
National Grid Reference:: TQ3793782774

Summary

Reasons for Designation

The Arch at Bromley-by-Bow Health Centre, built 1748-50 by Daniel Garrett, is listed at Grade II for the following principal reasons.

Architectural interest: * as a rare example of a Palladian-style feature constructed by the builder, Daniel Garrett, perhaps based on a design attributed to William Kent; * as a reflection of the revived interest in Palladian architecture in England in the C18.

Historic Interest: * Rarity: as one of the only known surviving C18 additions to Northumberland House.

History

The arch originally formed part of the north entrance to Northumberland House, which stood in the Strand from around 1605 until 1874. The arch was added to the quadrangle side of the entrance on the north wing of the house, probably during extensive renovations to the house carried out by Daniel Garrett between 1748 and 1750, during the house’s occupancy by the 7th Duke of Somerset (and from 1750, the 1st Duke of Northumberland).

The design of the arch has been attributed to William Kent (bap. 1686, d. 1748). Kent was a celebrated landscape architect and furniture designer as well as an accomplished architect. He has been credited with the revival of the Palladian style in England in the C18. It seems possible that Daniel Garrett could have seen a design for a similar arch by Kent and incorporated it during his renovations at Northumberland House. Garrett was a protégé of Lord Burlington, the “Architect Earl”, who himself was a great admirer of Kent’s architectural work and commissioned him to edit The Designs of Inigo Jones, which was published with additional Palladian designs by Burlington and Kent in 1727. It is plausible that one of these designs made its way into the hands of Garrett who served as Burlington’s clerk of works on many early projects.

When Northumberland House was demolished in 1874, many of its fixtures, fittings and architectural elements were sold off at public auction. The arch was bought by George Gammon Rutty and placed as a free-standing object in his garden at Tudor House, Bromley-by-Bow. Following Rutty's death in 1898, the London County Council purchased Tudor House and demolished it to turn its gardens into a public park, but the arch survived and was retained against the north wall of the Bromley-by-Bow Recreation Ground. Archive photographs and sketches show that, around this time, two statues were situated at the feet of the arch, but these were removed in the 1940s.

In 1997 the arch was renovated and relocated to its current position when the Bromley-by-Bow Health Centre was built on the north-east part of the recreation ground. A plaque on the arch states that the renovations were funded by Tesco Plc.

Details

An arch originally from Northumberland House. Probably constructed by Daniel Garrett 1748-50 based on a design by William Kent. Relocated to Bromley-by-Bow around 1875 and moved to current position in 1997.

MATERIALS: rusticated, heavily vermiculated limestone.

DESCRIPTION: a semi-circular Palladian arch with rusticated and heavily vermiculated stone blocks and voussoirs. Plain stone plinths project forward slightly from the rusticated piers. The arch springs from a projecting moulded impost band and rises to a dropped keystone with a carved grotesque head. A moulded string course above the arch supports a parapet with a symmetrical balustrade and moulded cornice that follow the original pattern and were restored when the arch moved to its current position in 1997.

The arch is built into the boundary wall* of the Bromley-by-Bow Health Centre, which is built of red brick in Flemish bond. Metal gates* with lettering reading 'BROMLEY BY BOW HEALTH CENTRE' were added to the arch after it moved to its current position.

Three stone plaques* fixed to the inside face of the south pier detail the history of the arch, the opening of the Health Centre in 1997, and the provenance of a stone sculpture located in the courtyard of the Health Centre.

* Pursuant to s1 (5A) of the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 (‘the Act’), it is declared that these aforementioned features are not of special architectural or historic interest, however any works which have the potential to affect the character of the listed building as a building of special architectural or historic interest may still require LBC and this is a matter for the LPA to determine.

Legacy

The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.

Legacy System number:: 206232
Legacy System:: LBS

Sources

Books and journals
Ashbee, C R, Survey of London: Volume 1: Bromley-by-Bow, (1900), 22
Colvin, H, A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects 1600-1840, (2008), 410-412
Gater, G H, Wheeler, E P, Survey of London: Volume 18: St Martin-in-the-Fields II: The Strand, (1937), 17
Pevsner, N, Cherry, B, O'Brien, C, The Buildings of England: London 5 East, (2005), 632
Aymonino, A, Guerci, M, 'The Architectural Transformation of Northumberland House Under the 7th Duke of Somerset and the 1st Duke and Duchess of Northumberland, 1748-86' in The Antiquaries Journal, , Vol. 96, (2016), 315-61
Other
"Demolition of Northumberland House.", The Illustrated London News, 30 January 1875, p112

Legal

This building is listed under the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 as amended for its special architectural or historic interest.

The listed building is shown coloured blue on the attached map. Pursuant to s1 (5A) of the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 (‘the Act’) structures attached to or within the curtilage of the listed building but not coloured blue on the map, are not to be treated as part of the listed building for the purposes of the Act. However, any works to these structures which have the potential to affect the character of the listed building as a building of special architectural or historic interest may still require Listed Building Consent (LBC) and this is a matter for the Local Planning Authority (LPA) to determine.