CONTROL TOWER, FORMER LITTLE WALDEN AIRFIELD

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Overview

Heritage Category:: Listed Building
Grade:: II
List Entry Number:: 1392986
Date first listed:: 01-Dec-2005
List Entry Name:: CONTROL TOWER, FORMER LITTLE WALDEN AIRFIELD
Statutory Address:: CONTROL TOWER, FORMER LITTLE WALDEN AIRFIELD

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Official list entry

Heritage Category:: Listed Building
Grade:: II
List Entry Number:: 1392986
Date first listed:: 01-Dec-2005
List Entry Name:: CONTROL TOWER, FORMER LITTLE WALDEN AIRFIELD
Statutory Address 1:: CONTROL TOWER, FORMER LITTLE WALDEN AIRFIELD

This List entry helps identify the building designated at this address for its special architectural or historic interest.

Unless the List entry states otherwise, it includes both the structure itself and any object or structure fixed to it (whether inside or outside) as well as any object or structure within the curtilage of the building.

For these purposes, to be included within the curtilage of the building, the object or structure must have formed part of the land since before 1st July 1948.

Understanding list entries

Corrections and minor amendments

This List entry helps identify the building designated at this address for its special architectural or historic interest.

For these purposes, to be included within the curtilage of the building, the object or structure must have formed part of the land since before 1st July 1948.

Understanding list entries

Corrections and minor amendments

Location

Statutory Address:: CONTROL TOWER, FORMER LITTLE WALDEN AIRFIELD

The building or site itself may lie within the boundary of more than one authority.

County:: Essex
District:: Uttlesford (District Authority)
Parish:: Hadstock
National Grid Reference:: TL5583243363

Details

952/0/10046 01-DEC-05

HADSTOCK Control Tower, former Little Walden Airfield

GV II

Control Tower. 1942. Built to designs of the Air Ministry's Directorate of Works and Buildings, as Office for All Commands design, to Drawing No. 12779/41. Rendered brick with asphalt roof. PLAN: ground floor has watch office to front with duty pilot's rest room, meteorological office, switch room and lavatories to rear; first floor has control room to front, with controller's rest room and signals office to rear, opening onto passage with access to stairs. EXTERIOR: large multi-paned steel casements to front and to flank walls of watch office and control room, providing clear views of the flying field, these having been reduced in size later in the war (to design 343/43). Access from steel stairs on return elevation to concrete balcony with tubular steel railings and with iron columns providing support. Smaller steel casements to rear part of side and rear elevations. Doors to left-hand and rear elevations. INTERIOR: concrete stairs.

HISTORY: Restored and now converted into a house, this stands as an exceptionally-complete example of a control tower of a type commonly used on airfields constructed in the Second World War. Some lengths of perimeter track and a section of runway survive, apart from the runway section now absorbed into the B1052. Prefabricated structures including Romney huts and a modified T2 hangar have also survived on the site, but are not recommended for listing. The airfield was used by the USAAF, from April 1944 by 409th Bomb Group and after September by a mixture of bomber and fighter units.

The Control Tower is one of 162 examples built to this Air Ministry design (Watch Office for All Commands), of which 82 now survive. It is one of a very small number which have survived in this degree of preservation - other examples being Alconbury (with operations room attached), Duxford, Dunkeswell, Rougham, Ludham and East Kirkby.

In the second half of the 1930s, increasing attention was being given to the dispersal and shelter of aircraft from attack, ensuring serviceable landing and take-off areas, and the control of movement: the result was the development of the control tower and the planning from 1938 of the first airfields with runways and perimeter tracks. The control tower, which first appeared as a recognisable design in 1934, became the most distinctive and instantly recognisable building associated with military airfields, particularly in the Second World War when they served as foci for base personnel as they awaited the return of aircraft from operations. This is one of a very small number of control towers on Second World War airfields which are either exceptionally well-preserved or have distinguished operational histories. Their iconic value both as operational nerve centres and as memorials to the enormous losses sustained by American and Commonwealth forces in the course of the Strategic Bomber Offensive has long been recognised. A deserted control tower, for example, was the focus of the opening scenes of Richard Asquith's film The Way to the Stars (1945), which explored the thoughts of a veteran returning to a deserted airbase, as a ploughshare pulled by a horse team returned land formerly used to wage aggressive war to agriculture.

Michael Bowyer, Military Airfields of East Anglia: Action Stations 1 (Cambridge, 1979), p. 145

Legacy

The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.

Legacy System number:: 500368
Legacy System:: LBS

Sources

Books and journals
Bowyer, M J F, Action stations 1: Wartime military airfields of East Anglia 1939 to 1945, (1979), 145

Legal

This building is listed under the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 as amended for its special architectural or historic interest.