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A turf-cut hill figure known as The Long Man of Wilmington, 914m south-east of Acorn Barn

Listed on the National Heritage List for England. Search over 400,000 listed places

Overview

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1002293
Date first listed:: 30-Apr-1951

User submitted image — Uploaded by Historic England Archive This photo may not represent the current condition of the site
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Official list entry

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1002293
Date first listed:: 30-Apr-1951
Location Description:: Legacy Record - This information may be included in the List Entry Details.

Location

The building or site itself may lie within the boundary of more than one authority.

County:: East Sussex
District:: Wealden (District Authority)
Parish:: Long Man
National Park:: SOUTH DOWNS
National Grid Reference:: TQ 54252 03451

Reasons for Designation

Prehistoric hill figures are large scale depictions of some kind of symbol, design or motif, generally in animal form, created by cutting away turf and subsoil to create a visual contrast with the surrounding grassland. They are usually best seen from some distance away, or from the air. All examples are believed to have originated in the Iron Age but the appearance of some has been altered in later periods. Some examples remain as obvious white figures in chalk or limestone. Those that have not been maintained may be recognised either as slight earthworks or as soilmarks in dry periods. Prehistoric hill figures are often interpreted as religious symbols, perhaps representing gods or totems. Very few prehistoric hill figures have been recorded and all surviving examples are regarded as nationally important. Despite some alterations and disturbance in the past, the turf-cut hill figure known as the Long Man on Windover Hill, survives in a good state of preservation and forms a prominent feature in the landscape. The site has undergone limited excavation and will contain further below-ground archaeological and environmental information relating to the figure and its surrounding landscape. As a monument accessible to the public it also forms an important educational and recreational resource.

Details

The monument includes a turf-cut hill figure known as the Long Man and associated below-ground remains. It is situated on a steep north-facing slope of Windover Hill, near Wilmington, on the north-eastern escarpment of the South Downs. The human figure is approximately 62m long and is represented with a staff in each hand. The date of the figure is unknown although it has been suggested that it may be of prehistoric or Roman origin. A drawing dating to 1779 represents the figure holding a rake and scythe instead of a staff in each hand. The figure was 'restored' by the Duke of Devonshire using several thousand bricks to fill the outline in about 1873. Roman bricks are alleged to have been found during this restoration. In 1969, it was again 'restored' when the bricks were removed and replaced with concrete blocks. Partial excavation was carried out at this time and fired clay, possibly fragments of Roman tile, was found. Geophysical survey carried out on the site in 1969 and 1996 indicated that the concrete outline does not match the pre-1873 outline. It is suggested that the figure and staves were taller and that the left one was shaped as a scythe. Six small evaluation trenches excavated on the figure also found evidence of an early brick outline of post medieval, possibly mid 16th century, date. The monument excludes all modern fences and fence posts, and information boards/notices but the ground beneath these features is included.

Sources: East Sussex HER MES4527. NMR TQ50SW32. PastScape 408705.

Legacy

The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.

Legacy System number:: ES 124
Legacy System:: RSM - OCN

Legal

This monument is scheduled under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 as amended as it appears to the Secretary of State to be of national importance. This entry is a copy, the original is held by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.