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Romano-British farmstead, 275m north-east of Hosedon Linn

Listed on the National Heritage List for England. Search over 400,000 listed places

Overview

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1008279
Date first listed:: 22-Mar-1994

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Official list entry

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1008279
Date first listed:: 22-Mar-1994

Location

The building or site itself may lie within the boundary of more than one authority.

District:: Northumberland (Unitary Authority)
Parish:: Alwinton
District:: Northumberland (Unitary Authority)
Parish:: Biddlestone
National Park:: NORTHUMBERLAND
National Grid Reference:: NT 91838 08346

Reasons for Designation

In Cumbria and Northumberland several distinctive types of native settlements dating to the Roman period have been identified. The majority were small, non- defensive, enclosed homesteads or farms. In many areas they were of stone construction, although in the coastal lowlands timber-built variants were also common. In much of Northumberland, especially in the Cheviots, the enclosures were curvilinear in form. Further south a rectangular form was more common. Elsewhere, especially near the Scottish border, another type occurs where the settlement enclosure was `scooped' into the hillslope. Frequently the enclosures reveal a regularity and similarity of internal layout. The standard layout included one or more stone round-houses situated towards the rear of the enclosure, facing the single entranceway. In front of the houses were pathways and small enclosed yards. Homesteads normally had only one or two houses, but larger enclosures could contain as many as six. At some sites the settlement appears to have grown, often with houses spilling out of the main enclosure and clustered around it. At these sites up to 30 houses may be found. In the Cumbrian uplands the settlements were of less regimented form and unenclosed clusters of houses of broadly contemporary date are also known. These homesteads were being constructed and used by non-Roman natives throughout the period of the Roman occupation. Their origins lie in settlement forms developed before the arrival of the Romans. These homesteads are common throughout the uplands where they frequently survive as well-preserved earthworks. In lowland coastal areas they were also originally common, although there they can frequently only be located through aerial photography. All homestead sites which survive substantially intact will normally be identified as nationally important.

The farmstead 275m north-east of Hosedon Linn is well preserved. It is one of a group of Romano-British settlements in the vicinity and will contribute to any study of the settlement pattern at this time.

Details

The monument includes a farmstead of Romano-British date situated on gently sloping east facing ground above the Alwin Valley. The farmstead is sub-circular in shape and is partially scooped into the hillside. It measures 32m east-west by 28m north-south within rubble walls and exhibits an entrance in the southern wall. The enclosure wall is best preserved on the southern and western sides where it stands to a maximum height of 1m. Within the enclosure there are the sites of two circular stone houses, 5m in diameter, one situated against the north wall of the enclosure and the second situated towards the south wall. Traces of a third smaller house are situated in the north-eastern corner of the enclosure. The fence which crosses the western edge of the farmstead is excluded from the scheduling but the ground beneath it is included.

MAP EXTRACT The site of the monument is shown on the attached map extract. It includes a 2 metre boundary around the archaeological features, considered to be essential for the monument's support and preservation.

Legacy

The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.

Legacy System number:: 25020
Legacy System:: RSM

Sources

Other
NT 90 NW 17,

Legal

This monument is scheduled under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 as amended as it appears to the Secretary of State to be of national importance. This entry is a copy, the original is held by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.