Reasons for Designation
Dartmoor is the largest expanse of open moorland in southern Britain and,
because of exceptional conditions of preservation, it is also one of the most
complete examples of an upland relict landscape in the whole country. The
great wealth and diversity of archaeological remains provides direct evidence
for human exploitation of the Moor from the early prehistoric period onwards.
The well preserved and often visible relationship between settlement sites,
land boundaries, trackways, ceremonial and funerary monuments as well as later
industrial remains, gives significant insights into successive changes in the
pattern of land use through time.
Wayside crosses are one of several types of Christian cross erected during the
medieval period, mostly from the 9th to 15th centuries AD. In addition to
serving the function of reiterating and reinforcing the Christian faith
amongst those who passed the cross and of reassuring the traveller, wayside
crosses often fulfilled a role as waymarkers, especially in difficult and
otherwise unmarked terrain. The crosses might be on regularly used routes
linking settlements, or on routes which might have a more specifically
religious function, including those providing access to religious sites for
parishioners and funeral processions, or marking long distance routes
frequented on pilgrimages.
Over 110 examples of wayside crosses are known on Dartmoor, where they form
the commonest type of stone cross. Almost all of the wayside crosses on the
Moor take the form of a `Latin' cross, in which the cross-head itself is
shaped within the projecting arms of an unenclosed cross.
Wayside crosses contribute significantly to our understanding of medieval
routeways, settlement patterns and the development of sculptural traditions.
All wayside crosses on the Moor which survive as earth-fast monuments, except
those which are extremely damaged and removed from their original locations,
are considered worthy of protection.
Details
The monument includes a well preserved granite cross known as Windy Post or
Beckamoor Cross, conspicuously sited on a col forming the lowest moorland
crossing point between the watersheds of the Rivers Walkham and Tavy, on the
line of a medieval route leading from Tavistock eastwards across Dartmoor, and
beside two branches of the still flowing Grimstone and Sortridge leat.
The cross is formed from a single piece of moderately coarse-grained
granite. It has a considerable lean to the west though seems firmly set - the
corner of a presumed socket stone is visible. The arms of the cross are
aligned east-west. The total length of the cross is 2m. The shaft, arms
and head all have well-chamfered edges, which make the cross octagonal in
section, though discounting the chamfers the shaft is nearly square, being
approximately 0.3m by 0.29m. The chamfers are between 0.1m and 0.11m wide.
The head of the cross is rounded at the top, and extends 0.28m above the
arms, while the arms extend 0.18m beyond the shaft and are 0.29m deep. An
Ordnance Survey bench mark has been cut on the south side of the shaft - the
top of the bench mark is 0.49m above the turf. The south side of the east arm
of the cross is missing approximately 0.15m of chamfer, probably due to an old
break.
The visible portion of the presumed socket stone, which is of granite,
measures 0.8m by 0.45m by 0.15m thick. It appears to be held up by another
stone 0.8m by 0.26m by 0.16m thick angled underneath it on the WSW side.
Another partially buried stone lies approximately 0.75m to the south. Its
visible portion measures 0.55m by 0.4m by 0.15m thick. These stones are
believed to form part of a platform on which the cross is sited.
Legacy
The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.
Legacy System number:
24812
Legacy System:
RSM
Sources
Books and journals
Legal
This monument is scheduled under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 as amended as it appears to the Secretary of State to be of national importance. This entry is a copy, the original is held by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.
End of official list entry
