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Bowl barrow 350m NNE of Starved Oak Cross

Listed on the National Heritage List for England. Search over 400,000 listed places

Overview

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1010639
Date first listed:: 03-Sep-1991

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Official list entry

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1010639
Date first listed:: 03-Sep-1991

Location

The building or site itself may lie within the boundary of more than one authority.

County:: Devon
District:: East Devon (District Authority)
Parish:: Upton Pyne
National Grid Reference:: SX 91384 99138

Reasons for Designation

Bowl barrows, the most numerous form of round barrow, are funerary monuments dating from the Late Neolithic period to the Late Bronze Age, with most examples belonging to the period 2400-1500 BC. They were constructed as earthen or rubble mounds, sometimes ditched, which covered single or multiple burials. They occur either in isolation or grouped as cemeteries and often acted as a focus for burials in later periods. Often superficially similar, although differing widely in size, they exhibit regional variations in form and a diversity of burial practices. There are over 10,000 surviving bowl barrows recorded nationally (many more have already been destroyed), occurring across most of lowland Britain. Often occupying prominent locations, they are a major historic element in the modern landscape and their considerable variation of form and longevity as a monument type provide important information on the diversity of beliefs and social organisations amongst early prehistoric communities. They are particularly representative of their period and a substantial proportion of surviving examples are considered worthy of protection.

This bowl barrow has survived without any recorded previous disturbance, apart from surface ploughing, near the centre of the Upton Pyne barrow group, whose unusual low-lying position, good overall preservation and quality of the dating, constructional and artefactual information already produced, have all resulted in its frequent mention in national reviews of Bronze Age funerary monuments.

Details

The monument is a bowl barrow surviving as a low mound, 30m in diameter and 0.3m high, in a ploughed arable field. Despite its low surface profile, extensive sub surface mound layers and intact funerary deposits are considered likely to survive. As excavation of a nearby barrow revealed, barrows in this group were terraced into the slope and have been preserved by subsequent soil build-up.In addition, there is no visible or recorded evidence that the barrow has been excavated and the deposits should remain in an intact, undisturbed state. This barrow is one of a loose cluster of four barrows on a gentle SW-facing slope near the centre of the area covered by the Upton Pyne barrow group. This group comprises over thirty recorded barrows dispersed about a low-lying alluvial basin north of the confluences of the River Exe with the Rivers Culm and Creedy. Within the overall group, barrows occur both as isolated examples and forming localised clusters. Grave goods and a radiocarbon date derived from the few partly-excavated barrows in the group indicate burials during the early and middle Bronze Age (around 2000 - 1000 BC). All of the upstanding barrows in this group present the appearance of unditched bowl barrows, the absence of ditches being supported by air photographic evidence and confirmed for all examples that have been excavated.

MAP EXTRACT The site of the monument is shown on the attached map extract. It includes a 2 metre boundary around the archaeological features, considered to be essential for the monument's support and preservation.

Legacy

The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.

Legacy System number:: 15022
Legacy System:: RSM

Sources

Books and journals
Todd, M, The South-West to A.D. 1000, (1987), 148-150
Fox, A, 'Proc. Devon Arch. Soc.' in The Upton Pyne Cemetery, , Vol. 27, (1969), 75-78
Pollard, S H M, Russell, P, 'Proc. Devon Arch. Soc.' in Excavation of Round Barrow 248b, Upton Pyne, Exeter, , Vol. 27, (1969), 49-78
Other
Devon SMR entries for SX 99 NW-026, -027 and -052,
Devon SMR entries for SX 99 NW-119 and -120,
Devon SMR entry for SX 99 NW-021,
Devon SMR entry for SX 99 NW-023 and -123,
Devon SMR entry for SX 99 NW-118,
Fox, A., South-West England, (1964)

Legal

This monument is scheduled under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 as amended as it appears to the Secretary of State to be of national importance. This entry is a copy, the original is held by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.