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Roman period native enclosed settlement 360m south east of Broadstruther

Listed on the National Heritage List for England. Search over 400,000 listed places

Overview

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1016249
Date first listed:: 16-Jan-1998

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Official list entry

Heritage Category:: Scheduled Monument
List Entry Number:: 1016249
Date first listed:: 16-Jan-1998

Location

The building or site itself may lie within the boundary of more than one authority.

District:: Northumberland (Unitary Authority)
Parish:: Earle
National Park:: NORTHUMBERLAND
National Grid Reference:: NT 94294 24527

Reasons for Designation

In Cumbria and Northumberland several distinctive types of native settlements dating to the Roman period have been identified. The majority were small, non- defensive, enclosed homesteads or farms. In many areas they were of stone construction, although in the coastal lowlands timber-built variants were also common. In much of Northumberland, especially in the Cheviots, the enclosures were curvilinear in form. Further south a rectangular form was more common. Elsewhere, especially near the Scottish border, another type occurs where the settlement enclosure was `scooped' into the hillslope. Frequently the enclosures reveal a regularity and similarity of internal layout. The standard layout included one or more stone round-houses situated towards the rear of the enclosure, facing the single entranceway. In front of the houses were pathways and small enclosed yards. Homesteads normally had only one or two houses, but larger enclosures could contain as many as six. At some sites the settlement appears to have grown, often with houses spilling out of the main enclosure and clustered around it. At these sites up to 30 houses may be found. In the Cumbrian uplands the settlements were of less regimented form and unenclosed clusters of houses of broadly contemporary date are also known. These homesteads were being constructed and used by non-Roman natives throughout the period of the Roman occupation. Their origins lie in settlement forms developed before the arrival of the Romans. These homesteads are common throughout the uplands where they frequently survive as well-preserved earthworks. In lowland coastal areas they were also originally common, although there they can frequently only be located through aerial photography. All homestead sites which survive substantially intact will normally be identified as nationally important.

The Roman period native settlement 360m south east of Broadstruther is well preserved and will contain significant archaeological deposits. It forms part of a wider archaeological landscape in the northern Cheviots.

Details

The monument includes a Roman period native settlement situated close to a stream, south east of Broadstruther farm. The settlement is roughly circular in plan and measures 13m in diameter. It is enclosed by a single grass covered bank of earth and stone which measures 3.5m wide by 0.5m high. A possible entrance, 1m wide, provides access to the stream on the north side. A further entrance, 1.5m wide, lies on the north east side of the enclosure. Around part of the enclosure lies an earthen bank which is truncated by a modern field drain on the north east side. It encloses an area up to 12m wide with a single bank measuring 0.5m high; this additional enclosure may have functioned as a stock enclosure. Two banks run south and south east from this additional enclosure at right angles and measure 23m and 12m in length respectively by 0.3m high.

MAP EXTRACT The site of the monument is shown on the attached map extract. It includes a 2 metre boundary around the archaeological features, considered to be essential for the monument's support and preservation.

Legacy

The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.

Legacy System number:: 29316
Legacy System:: RSM

Legal

This monument is scheduled under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 as amended as it appears to the Secretary of State to be of national importance. This entry is a copy, the original is held by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.