Bowl barrow 170m north east of the Horton Inn

Reasons for Designation

Cranborne Chase is an area of chalkland well known for its high number, density and diversity of archaeological remains. These include a rare combination of Neolithic and Early Bronze Age sites, comprising one of the largest concentrations of burial monuments in England, the largest known cursus (a linear ritual monument) and a significant number and range of henge monuments (Late Neolithic ceremonial centres). Other important remains include a variety of enclosures, settlements, field systems and linear boundaries which date throughout prehistory and into the Romano-British and medieval periods. This high level of survival of archaeological remains is due largely to the later history of the Chase. Cranborne Chase formed a Royal Hunting Ground from at least Norman times, and much of the archaeological survival within the area resulted from associated laws controlling land-use which applied until 1830. The unique archaeological character of the Chase has attracted much attention over the years, notably during the later 19th century, by the pioneering work on the Chase of General Pitt-Rivers, Sir Richard Colt Hoare and Edward Cunnington, often regarded as the fathers of British archaeology. Archaeological investigations have continued throughout the 20th century and to the present day. Bowl barrows, the most numerous form of round barrow, are funerary monuments dating from the Late Neolithic to the Late Bronze Age, with most examples belonging to the period 2400-1500 BC. They were constructed as earthen or rubble mounds, sometimes ditched, which covered single or multiple burials. They occur either in isolation or grouped as cemeteries and often acted as a focus for burials in later periods. Often superficially similar, although differing widely in size, they exhibit regional variations in form and a diversity of burial practices. Over 10,000 bowl barrows are known to survive nationally, of which a cluster of at least 395 examples has been identified on Cranborne Chase. Some of these have been levelled by ploughing but remain visible from the air as ring ditches. Buried remains will nevertheless survive at these sites, both within the ditch fills and associated with the central burial pit. Bowl barrows are particularly representative of their period, whilst their considerable variation of form and longevity as a monument type will provide important information on the diversity of beliefs and social organisation amongst early prehistoric communities. Often occupying prominent locations, they are a major historic element in the modern landscape and constitute a significant component of the archaeology of Cranborne Chase. All surviving examples within this area are, therefore, considered to be of national importance.

Despite some disturbance caused by the construction of a road on the eastern side of the monument, the bowl barrow 170m north east of the Horton Inn survives well and will contain archaeological and environmental evidence relating to the monument and the landscape in which it was constructed. The barrow represents one of few similar monuments to survive as an upstanding earthwork within the area, the majority having been levelled as a result of past farming practices.

Details

The monument includes a bowl barrow situated on a low spur, overlooking the Allen Valley. The barrow lies to the south of a group of similar monuments associated with the Knowlton Circle complex. These monuments are the subject of separate schedulings. The barrow has a mound composed of earth, chalk and turf, with maximum dimensions of 25m in diameter and about 2m in height. Surrounding the mound is a ditch from which material was quarried during the construction of the monument. The ditch has become infilled over the years, but will survive as a buried feature about 2m wide. The eastern edge of the barrow is impinged on by the course of the Cranborne to Wimborne road which overlies a portion of the buried ditch. All fence posts and the surface of the road where it overlies the ditch on the east side of the barrow are excluded from the scheduling, although the ground beneath these features is included.

MAP EXTRACT The site of the monument is shown on the attached map extract. It includes a 2 metre boundary around the archaeological features, considered to be essential for the monument's support and preservation.

Legacy

The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.

Legacy System number:

35214

Legacy System:

RSM

Sources

Books and journals
An Inventory of the Historical monuments of Dorset: Volume V, (1975), 37

End of official list entry

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