Westminster Abbey (The Collegiate Church of St Peter)

20, Dean's Yard, Westminster, London, SW1P 3PA

Listed on the National Heritage List for England. Search over 400,000 listed places

Overview

Heritage Category:: Listed Building
Grade:: I
List Entry Number:: 1291494
Date first listed:: 24-Feb-1958
List Entry Name:: Westminster Abbey (The Collegiate Church of St Peter)
Statutory Address:: 20, Dean's Yard, Westminster, London, SW1P 3PA

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Date:: 2002-09-10
Reference:: IOE01/05557/17
Rights:: © Les Kerry. Source: Historic England Archive

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Official list entry

Heritage Category:: Listed Building
Grade:: I
List Entry Number:: 1291494
Date first listed:: 24-Feb-1958
List Entry Name:: Westminster Abbey (The Collegiate Church of St Peter)
Statutory Address 1:: 20, Dean's Yard, Westminster, London, SW1P 3PA

This List entry helps identify the building designated at this address for its special architectural or historic interest.

Unless the List entry states otherwise, it includes both the structure itself and any object or structure fixed to it (whether inside or outside) as well as any object or structure within the curtilage of the building.

For these purposes, to be included within the curtilage of the building, the object or structure must have formed part of the land since before 1st July 1948.

Understanding list entries

Corrections and minor amendments

This List entry helps identify the building designated at this address for its special architectural or historic interest.

For these purposes, to be included within the curtilage of the building, the object or structure must have formed part of the land since before 1st July 1948.

Understanding list entries

Corrections and minor amendments

Location

Statutory Address:: 20, Dean's Yard, Westminster, London, SW1P 3PA

The building or site itself may lie within the boundary of more than one authority.

County:: Greater London Authority
District:: City of Westminster (London Borough)
Parish:: Non Civil Parish
National Grid Reference:: TQ 30082 79490

Details

This list entry was subject to a Minor Enhancement on 04/06/2018

TQ 3079 NW and SW 92/57 and 101/1

CITY OF WESTMINSTER Dean's Yard, No 20 Westminster Abbey (The Collegiate Church of St Peter)

(Formerly listed under BROAD SANCTUARY SW1, previously listed under General)

24.2.58

GV I Abbey church. Edward the Confessor's church of c.1050-65, rebuilding begun by Henry III, 1245; the chancel, transepts and five bays of nave completed by 1269; new nave and west front 1375-1400 by Henry Yevele master mason, completed 1506, excluding the upper part of the west towers; Henry VII Chapel begun as new Lady Chapel 1503, completed as Chantry chapel c.1512, probably by Robert and William Virtue; the west towers 1735-40 by Hawksmoor; major C18 and C19 restorations by Wren, Henry Keene, James Wyatt, Benjamin Wyatt, Blore, Sir George Gilbert Scott and J. C. Pearson, as Surveyors to the Fabric; "anti-scrape" preservation introduced by Micklethwaite and Lethaby.

MATERIALS: Reigate stone with Huddlestone stone for Henry VII's Chapel.

EXTERIOR: Geometrical gothic, exceptionally French in plan with aisled, eleven-bay nave, transepts and chancel with ambulatory and radiating chapels, and French in the height of the vault with its two tiers of flying buttresses. Specifically English in the distinguishing feature of a full gallery instead of a triforium and in the way in which Yevele's nave respectfully continues the style of the Henry III work. Yevele's Perpendicular appears on the west front and porch, very similar to his Westminster Hall design. Henry VII's Chapel has boldly modelled Late Perpendicular detailing. The west towers have Hawksmoor's individual blending of Gothic verticality with Baroque details.

INTERIOR: Purbeck marble piers and shafting; quadripartite vaulting with ridge rib and bosses; transverse and tierceron ribs introduced in nave, with Perpendicular details to the bosses in Yevele's work. Stained glass: a few reset C13 fragments, otherwise C15/C16; C18, C19 and C20; cosmati pavements in feretory and Presbytery, etc. Exceptional furnishing and unique collection of monuments and sculpture, etc. The Abbey is the English St Denis and Reims in one, a unique embodiment of church, state and crown, and national mausoleum.

Historical note: Westminster Abbey was the scene of a number of protests by suffragettes from the Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU), the militant organisation founded by Emmeline Pankhurst in 1903. Suffragettes used direct action in their campaign for the vote, including acts of criminal damage. In June 1914 suffragettes placed a bomb under the coronation chair in St. Edward the Confessor’s Chapel, damaging the chair.

Suffragettes also carried out ‘Prayers for Prisoners’ protests in the Abbey during the campaign for women’s suffrage. These events, which took place in churches throughout the country, were similar to the WSPU’s earliest form of direct action, in that they were disruptive, rather than militant, forms of protest. Women would attend services in groups and quietly interrupt by chanting ‘God Save Mrs Pankhurst’ and praying for other suffragette prisoners. Services at the Abbey were interrupted several times in 1913 and 1914, and in one of the last militant protests a woman chained herself to her chair when the Archbishop of Canterbury was preaching. Both she and the chair were carried out by vergers.

This list entry was amended in 2018 as part of the centenary commemorations of the 1918 Representation of the People Act

Listing NGR: TQ3008379495

Legacy

The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system.

Legacy System number:: 208810
Legacy System:: LBS

Sources

Books and journals
Lethaby, WR , Londinium Architecture and the Crafts, (1923)
Lethaby, WR , Westminster Abbey and the Kings Craftsmen A Study of Medieval Building, (1906)
Pevsner, N, Cherry, B, The Buildings of England: London I - The Cities of London and Westminster, (1973)

Legal

This building is listed under the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 as amended for its special architectural or historic interest.